(2005) Dying to Win : The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism. Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-4924-8 (2004) Blowback: Linguistic Nationalism, Institutional Decay, and Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka. (2001) Island of Blood: Frontline Reports From Sri Lanka, Afghanistan and Other South Asian Flashpoints. (2002) Tigers of Lanka: from Boys to Guerrillas, Konark Publishers 3rd ed. (2004) War and Peace – Armed Struggle and Peace Efforts of Liberation Tigers, Fairmax Publishing Ltd, ISBN 1-90 Institute of Governmental Studies Working Paper, 2001-9". "Vicious Cycles: Endogenous Political Extremism and Political Violence. ^ a b "Tamil Tigers | Definition, History, Location, Goals, & Facts | Britannica".Martyrdom and Political Resistance: 61–83. "Resistance and Martyrdom in the Process of State Formation of Tamililam". ^ "Operation Liberation: 25 years on".Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. ^ A total of 322 Black Tigers have been killed in action from Captain Miller's death in 1987 until 30 June 2007, according to the Tamil Eelam Heroes Secretariat in Vanni.Those who were the only living child in their family were automatically disqualified from joining. All these factors were considered in deciding whether he or she could become a Black Tiger. According to the LTTE, Prabhakaran evaluated the applications, examining the applicant's particular skills, the kinds of missions he or she had been involved in, their motivations and their family situations. Those who wanted to join wrote letters to Velupillai Prabhakaran, the founder and leader of the LTTE. īlack Tigers were drawn from the ranks of the LTTE. On 31 January 1996, Black Tigers carried out the Colombo Central Bank bombing that killed 100 people. Tourism in Sri Lanka sharply dropped after the incident. On July 2001, 14 Black Tigers attacked Bandaranaike International Airport, causing an estimated of US$350 million worth of damage to military and civilian aircraft. On, another Black Tiger assassinated Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa and 23 others during a May Day parade. In May 1991, a female LTTE cadet blew herself up, killing former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, along with 16 civilians. Īfter, following the death of LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran, the Black Tigers ceased to exist, along with other LTTE fighting formations. Consequently, it is not the act itself-killing by suicide-that was the Black Tigers' original or even main aim, but rather the military impact and its strategic consequences. As a result, they decided to resort to asymmetric warfare, creating a special wing to make up for their inadequate weaponry. To mount such an attack, costly weapons such as artillery pieces, missiles, and fighter-bombers would have been needed – weapons that the LTTE could not afford to purchase. This was an hugely effective retaliatory attack using explosives from the Indian Research and Analysis Wing after the Sri Lankan Army's Operation Liberation had been halted under pressure from the Government of India and the subsequent signing of the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord ĭuring the earlier phase of the Tamil Tigers' military campaign, it did not possess the heavy conventional weapons required to attack large camps. Immediately afterwards, regular LTTE cadres followed up, overwhelming the stunned SLA soldiers. The first Black Tiger was Vallipuram Vasanthan, who drove a small truck laden with explosives into a Sri Lanka Army (SLA) camp in Nelliady, Jaffna peninsula, on 5 July 1987 during the Battle of Nelliady, killing himself and between 39 and 100 Sri Lankan soldiers.
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